安装与配置

1. 安装

Ubuntu:

不建议从官方软件源安装, 而是从TeX Live官方网站下载安装文件, 或者在线安装.

我个人喜欢下载iso光盘映像安装.

  1. 下载iso文件 http://mirror.ctan.org/systems/texlive/Images/

  2. 挂载iso文件 mount -t iso9660 -o ro,loop,noauto /your/texlive.iso /mnt

  3. cd /mnt 运行 install-lt, 出现以下字符界面:

       ======================> TeX Live installation procedure <=====================

   ======>   Letters/digits in <angle brackets> indicate   <=======
   ======>   menu items for actions or customizations      <=======

    Detected platform: GNU/Linux on x86_64

    <B> set binary platforms: 1 out of 17

    <S> set installation scheme: scheme-full

    <C> set installation collections:
        40 collections out of 41, disk space required: 4910 MB

    <D> set directories:
      TEXDIR (the main TeX directory):
        /usr/local/texlive/2017
      TEXMFLOCAL (directory for site-wide local files):
        /usr/local/texlive/texmf-local
      TEXMFSYSVAR (directory for variable and automatically generated data):
        /usr/local/texlive/2017/texmf-var
      TEXMFSYSCONFIG (directory for local config):
        /usr/local/texlive/2017/texmf-config
      TEXMFVAR (personal directory for variable and automatically generated data):
        ~/.texlive2017/texmf-var
      TEXMFCONFIG (personal directory for local config):
        ~/.texlive2017/texmf-config
      TEXMFHOME (directory for user-specific files):
        ~/texmf

    <O> options:
      [ ] use letter size instead of A4 by default
      [X] allow execution of restricted list of programs via \write18
      [X] create all format files
      [X] install macro/font doc tree
      [X] install macro/font source tree
      [ ] create symlinks to standard directories
      [X] after install, use tlnet on CTAN for package updates

    <V> set up for portable installation

   Actions:
    <I> start installation to hard disk
    <P> save installation profile to 'texlive.profile' and exit
    <H> help
    <Q> quit

   Enter command:

如果不需要修改, 直接输入i开始安装.

  4. 设置环境变量, 以ubuntu 64位, TeX Live 2017为例, 将以下环境变量设置加入~/.profile 或者~/.bashrc:

    PATH=/usr/local/texlive/2017/bin/x86_64-linux:$PATH; export PATH
MANPATH=/usr/local/texlive/2017/texmf-dist/doc/man:$MANPATH; export MANPATH
INFOPATH=/usr/local/texlive/2017/texmf-dist/doc/info:$INFOPATH; export INFOPATH

    官方文档中说安装脚本创建了TEXDIR等环境变量, 但我是先用root用户安装然后又切换回普通用户的, 发现那些环境变量并没有导出, 为了方便, 我也它们也在.bashrc中导出:

    export TEXDIR=/usr/local/texlive/2017
export TEXMFLOCAL=/usr/local/texlive/texmf-local
export TEXMFSYSVAR=/usr/local/texlive/2017/texmf-var
export TEXMFSYSCONFIG=/usr/local/texlive/2017/texmf-config
export TEXMFVAR=~/.texlive2017/texmf-var
export TEXMFCONFIG=~/.texlive2017/texmf-config
export TEXMFHOME=~/texmf

  5. XeTeX和LuaTeX的系统字体配置

    • cp $TEXMFSYSVAR/fonts/conf/texlive-fontconfig.conf /etc/fonts/conf.d/09-texlive.conf
    • fc-cache -fsv

  6. 测试安装是否成功

    • 确认可以执行tex程序. 执行``tex –version``查看tex命令是否可以找到以及结果是否正确:

      $tex --version
TeX 3.14159265 (TeX Live 2017)
kpathsea version 6.2.3
Copyright 2017 D.E. Knuth.
...

    • 处理基本的LaTeX文件. pdflatex sample2e.tex, 直接从tex文件生成pdf:

      $pdflatex sample2e.tex
This is pdfTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-1.40.18 (TeX Live 2017) (preloaded format=pdflatex)
 restricted \write18 enabled.
entering extended mode
...

      成功后会在当前目录生成sample2e.pdf

    • 测试xetex是否能访问系统字体. xetex opentype-info.tex 如果你收到 “Invalid fontname ‘Latin Modern Roman/ICU’…” 这样的错误信息，就说明需要配置系统才能找到TeX Live带的字体:

      $xetex  opentype-info.tex
This is XeTeX, Version 3.14159265-2.6-0.99998 (TeX Live 2017) (preloaded format=xetex)
 restricted \write18 enabled.
entering extended mode
(/usr/local/texlive/2017/texmf-dist/tex/xetex/xetexfontinfo/opentype-info.tex
[1] [2] )
Output written on opentype-info.pdf (2 pages).
Transcript written on opentype-info.log.

2. 卸载

Ubuntu:

参考: https://tex.stackexchange.com/questions/95483/how-to-remove-everything-related-to-tex-live-for-fresh-install-on-ubuntu

  1. sudo apt-get purge texlive*
  2. rm -rf /usr/local/texlive/* and rm -rf ~/.texlive*
  3. rm -rf /usr/local/share/texmf
  4. rm -rf /var/lib/texmf
  5. rm -rf /etc/texmf
  6. sudo apt-get remove tex-common --purge
  7. rm -rf ~/.texlive
  8. find -L /usr/local/bin/ -lname /usr/local/texlive/*/bin/* | xargs rm